Section II
VA Sponsor Index
with Selected Program Summaries

Part A: Department of Veterans Affairs

Rehabilitation Research and Development Service
810 Vermont Avenue, N.W. Washington, DC 20420

  John W. Goldschmidt, MD, Director, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service, Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, DC

  The mission of the Rehabilitation Research and Development Service is to support an Intramural Research and Development Program for improving the quality of life of impaired and disabled veterans. This is accomplished by conducting a comprehensive program of research, development, and evaluation of existing and emerging rehabilitation technology (devices, techniques, and concepts of rehabilitation). This provides for rapid transfer of Rehabilitation R&D technology and dissemination of information into the VA medical care system, allowing for greater functional independence in the activities of daily living of disabled veterans and contributes to the nation's knowledge about diseases, disability, and rehabilitation.

  Areas of special emphasis include aging, physical fitness, and psychosocial rehabilitation.

  In areas of prosthetics, amputation, and orthotics, VA-sponsored researchers are continuing to test new materials and use computer technology such as CAD/CAM to develop a new generation of artificial limbs. For spinal cord injuries, the use of robotics continues to be studied, as does the possibility that computer-controlled electrical stimulation can be used to restore function to paralyzed limbs. Research projects in the area of sensory aids include the continuing development of advanced mobility aids for visually impaired people, digital hearing aids for those with hearing impairment, and various studies on treatment strategies and communication systems for aphasic individuals.

  The Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research and Development Service (Rehab R&D) sponsors a national program to review proposals submitted by researchers in the field of rehabilitation. The Rehabilitation Research and Development Service Scientific Merit Review Board and ad hoc members assess proposals for their scientific and technical merit, budgetary needs, and time requirements.

  The VA Rehab R&D Program's scientific and technologic operation is located at 103 South Gay Street, Baltimore, MD 21202, which consists of the following three programmatic sections:

Program Analysis and Review Section

  Jon S. Peters, Acting Program Manager

  The Program Analysis and Review Section (PARS) coordinates the administration of the semi-annual Scientific and Evaluation Peer Review Program.

  Rehab R&D Service does not issue "grants." The program is primarily intramural and is conducted at VA medical centers (VAMCs) where VA facilities and staff solve problems relevant to the veteran. Rehab R&D Service conducts a comprehensive program of research, development, and evaluation of existing and emerging rehabilitation technology (devices, techniques, and concepts of rehabilitation).

  The VA Rehab R&D Service accepts research and development proposals from non-VA facilities under the following conditions:

1. The proposal is submitted through a local VAMC.
2. The proposal is reviewed and approved by the R&D Committee and its Subcommittee for Human Studies, or Subcommittee for Animal Studies, as applicable.
3. A VA physician or scientist must be co-principal investigator.
4. VA patients should be involved in the clinical trials.
5. The non-VA facility must meet the eligibility requirements for contractors as specified in the Federal Procurement Regulations.

  The Associate Chief of Staff for Research and Development (ACOS/R&D) in the local VAMC coordinates the submissions for the medical center Director. These proposal submissions should follow the prescribed VA format which is available from the ACOS/R&D. In this manner, all proposals are reviewed and coordinated at the local VAMC, whether from an intramural or non-VA source.

  Rehab R&D Service has two proposal submission dates per year: April 15 and October 15. A Letter of Intent (LOI) must precede all proposals prior to the submission period. Pilot proposals may be submitted at any time.

  Proposals are reviewed by the Scientific and Evaluation Peer Review Program for Rehab R&D, which consists of nationally recognized independent experts in these areas. The Review Board recommends approval only for the most meritorious proposals. The funding decision is made by the Rehab R&D Service Director based on the recommendation of the Board, available resources, and the immediate needs of the VA.

Technology Transfer Section
Saleem J. Sheredos, Program Manager

  The Technology Transfer Section (TTS) evaluates potential products emerging from rehabilitation R&D, primarily sponsored by the VA. Requests involving non-VA funded development are also reviewed to identify products or techniques that may meet specific VA needs in one of the designated special emphasis areas: Prosthetics/Amputations/ Orthotics; Spinal Cord Injury; and Communication, Sensory, and Cognitive Aids, with aging and rehab outcomes crossing all three specialties.

  The TTS is responsible for the design and management of a systematic process to validate proven rehab R&D findings and to transfer the successful outcomes into clinical use, product manufacture, and commercial availability. The ultimate goal is for timely transition of prototypes into commercially viable products and techniques that benefit veterans and non-veterans with disabilities. This process partners and coordinates the developer, a manufacturer, VA Headquarters, and clinical test sites.

  Once the research idea/concept has moved into development, the outcome is usually a working prototype, which then completes successful laboratory and limited clinical trials prior to entering the technology transfer process.

  The R&D principle investigator next submits a Request For Evaluation (RFE) to the TTS. The RFE elicits specific information that is used to review the appropriateness and readiness of the development as a TTS project. A RFE peer review then confirms VA's need, interest, and readiness of the developed product or technique for evaluation and clinical use. The following selection criteria are used for the review: 1) VA level of need/interest; 2)fitness for use; 3) manufacturable/pre-commercial; and 4) marketable.

  Once the RFE peer review is complete and responses are positive, the TTS formulates and submits a recommended plan of action, including budget support, to the Director, Rehab R&D Service. Approval at this level commences the manufacture and evaluation phases, after which TTS prepares the final report with specific recommendations for commercial availability.

Scientific and Technical Publications Section
Jon S. Peters, Acting Program Manager

  The Scientific and Technical Publications Section (STPS) disseminates the results of VA and non-VA scientific and engineering projects among researchers, engineers, clinicians, and consumers in the United States and throughout the world. STPS distributes research, development, and clinical information through print and electronic media, including publication of the Journal of Rehabilitation and Development (JRRD), Rehabilitation R&D Progress Reports, and clinical supplements to JRRD. STPS also has an Information Resource Unit with a visual information specialist and a scientific and technical photographer.

Under the Office of Research and Development,
Rehab R&D Service has a Research and
Development Center or Unit in each of the
following locations:

Rehabilitation Research and Development Center, VA Medical Center Atlanta, Decatur, GA 30033
Joseph G. Ouslander, MD, Director

  1996 has been an exciting year for the Atlanta Rehabilitation Research and Development Center. After a search process of close to two years, Dr. Joseph G. Ouslander was recruited from his position as Professor of Medicine in the UCLA Multicampus Program in Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology to assume the directorship. The entire Center relocated to purpose-built space in the Atlanta VAMC after being housed in off-site offices for 14 months.

  The Center's internal steering group reexamined the Center's mission and refined it to more clearly focus on the intersection of rehabilitation and aging. The revised statement now reads:

The mission of the Atlanta VA Rehabilitation Research and Development Center is to improve the function, independence, and quality of life of Veterans aging with disabilities and those acquiring disabilities as they age. The mission will be accomplished by research directed towards understanding the mechanisms underlying impairments and disabilities and applying this understanding to the design, testing, and evaluation of creative rehabilitative interventions.

  The steering group also reexamined the structure of the Center in order to sharpen the focus and capitalize on the strengths/and synergy of the research programs. This reexamination was given further impetus through discussions held during the site visit conducted by VA Research Service. As a result, the Center was reorganized into three primary research programs: a Sensory Program, an Environment and Behavioral Program, and an Exercise and Physical Performance Program.

  The Sensory Research Program focuses on rehabilitation strategies associated with functional sensory losses of aging veterans. Research addresses all forms of vision impairment, especially macular degeneration. The program staff are actively engaged in research on low vision, reading, mobility, orientation and wayfinding, technology development and evaluation of aids and devices, modeling of environmental sensor systems, and outcome measures for blind rehabilitation.

  The Environment and Behavior Research Program conducts research on socially and behaviorally relevant aspects of physical environments, and their implications for the health, safety, independent functioning, and quality of life of older veterans aging with and into disability; the performance and satisfaction of caregivers; and care delivery. Physical environment is defined broadly to include spatial organization and characteristics, ambient conditions, and assistive and monitoring technologies. Program staff provide technical assistance to providers seeking to create environments that respond to user capabilities and support program activities.

  The Exercise and Physical Performance Program conducts research on the effectiveness of exercise protocols designed for older individuals with impairments and disabilities, as well as on strategies to improve balance and reduce the risk of falls. Research projects include: testing a long term exercise intervention for older Veterans with chronic illness; the development of an expert system on exercise interventions for physicians' offices; and a training intervention to improve balance.

  Amidst all of the change, the Center has continued to be productive. The Center has 11 active Merit Review projects, and our researchers submitted 12 Merit Review proposals. Staff published 35 articles, 4 abstracts, and 6 book chapters, books and manuals. In addition, Center staff made 10 presentations at regional meetings and 38 at national and international meetings.

  The Center also reviewed 15 applications for developmental projects, and by assisting investigators to refine their research objectives and involving Center supported researchers, was able to support 7 of them. Most of the projects cut across the 3 primary research program areas. For example, one developmental project will examine how impaired useful field of view (associated with car crashes in the older population) interacts with abnormalities of gait and balance and other factors to increase the risk of falls; another project will use motion analysis equipment and software to analyze gait among visually impaired veterans in order to improve rehabilitative interventions.

The Rehabilitation Research and Development Center, Edward Hines, Jr. Hospital, Department of Veterans Affairs,
Hines, IL 60141 Joseph B. Green, MD, Director

  The mission of the Rehabilitation Research and Development Center of Edward Hines, Jr., VA Hospital is the restoration of disabled veterans to a higher level of performance by the application of new concepts, methods and technologies.

  The Research and Development Program currently has 10 (10 active during FY96, 5 will begin in FY97) approved Merit Review projects and 5 Pilot projects funded through the Scientific and Evaluation Peer Review Program for the Rehabilitation Research and Development Service in FY 1996. The Center also received funding for four other projects from other sources including the Technology Transfer Section of Rehabilitation Research and Development Service and The National Institutes of Health. These current projects have generated 27 recent publications and presentations. The Center's academic affiliations provide scientists from Chicago area universities the opportunity to actively participate in Center projects. The Center and its academic affiliates have recently had five new Merit Review proposals and approved for FY 1997 funding and still others are pending.

  The Center includes six laboratories. These are the Neurorehabilitation Laboratory, the Neuroscience Laboratory, the Neuroregeneration Laboratory, the Preventive and Rehabilitation Exercise Science Laboratory, the Biomechanics Laboratory, and the Autononmic Dysfunction Laboratory.

  These laboratories generate a wide variety of projects from the basic molecular to purely clinical, but in common is the aim to restore disabled veterans to a higher level of performance. There are a total of 24 funded programs, ranging from the treatment of urinary and fecal incontinence to cortical sensorimotor reorganization in spinal cord injury (SCI).

  The Neurorehabilitation Laboratory utilizes recent improvements in Electroencephalogram (EEG) recording systems and multimodal imaging systems to study cerebral reorganization of motor functions in stroke, traumatic brain injury and SCI. The comparison of results from nondisabled and brain injured subjects may lead to therapies to possibly prevent or reverse pathological changes in motor control and expedite recovery.

  The Neuroscience Laboratory is devoted to the identification of neurotrophic factors and their role in neural development and function. Specifically, the laboratory is investigating the role of gonadal steroids and their ability to positively affect neuronal repair following injury. Their results have shown that testosterone can significantly accelerate the recovery of the hamster facial motor neuron after axotomy. Future plans include expansion of their studies to SCI.

  The emphasis of the Neuroregeneration Laboratory is to enhance the regrowth of injured spinal cord fibers by using different treatment modalities, such as application of electrical fields, the implantation of nonbiological substrates both with and without cultured fetal spinal cord tissue and the delivery of growth factors through the implantation of genetically engineered neurotrophin-secreting cells. Ultimately, the laboratory hopes to achieve full or partial recovery of neurological motor function in the patient with SCI through designing realistic approaches to spinal cord regeneration in mammals.

  Preventive and Rehabilitative Exercise Science Laboratory researchers are engaged in a variety of studies intended to evaluate and improve muscular and cardiopulmonary fitness in people with mobility limiting conditions. The goal of this program is to decrease the vulnerability of these persons to illness, further disability, and hospitalization. These investigations include an evaluation of the safety and efficacy of oxygen conserving devices during exercise, inspiratory muscle training in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, determination of improved methods for the assessment of cardiopulmonary fitness in persons with SCI, participation in the development of a clinical workstation for reducing wheelchair propulsion injuries, and the evaluation of mobility assistance devices such as the Parastep II System;tm (Sigmedics Inc., IL) and Vannini-Rizzoli Stabilizing Limb Orthosis, use of functional electrical stimulation to facilitate cough in patients with quadriplegia, handbike and row cycle prototypes, and innovative new wheelchairs.

  The Biomechanics Laboratory has developed an electronic compliance monitor to determine the wearing time for spinal orthoses used in treating SCI. One of the major problems associated with orthotic treatment of SCI is ensuring sufficient patient wearing time. The new compliance monitor contains electronic sensors which can record wearing times over a period of days to help determine optimal wearing times and orthosis efficacy. The laboratory is also investigating the controversy surrounding spinal fusion procedures following laminectomy and discectomy by determining the breakpoints for different spinal segments after tissue removal and the application of stress to the altered specimens.

  The Autonomic Dysfunction Laboratory is involved with the development and use of electrodes in Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation (FNS) in SCI patients. The laboratory is successfully applying FNS to specific SCI pathologies such as respiratory paralysis, fecal and urinary incontinence, and fine motor control. Another project involves an evaluation protocol for the home monitoring of bladder pressure to help reduce infections. The procedure uses a digital pressure gauge developed in cooperation with private industry.

Rehabilitation Research and Development Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care Facility,
Palo Alto, CA 94304
Felix E. Zajac, III, PhD; Charles G. Burgar, MD; Dennis R. Carter, PhD

  The Palo Alto Rehabilitation Research and Development Center of the Department of Veterans Affairs is dedicated to developing innovative clinical treatments and technological devices for physically disabled veterans and others, in order to increase their independence and improve their quality of life.

  The Center focuses upon restoring function to persons with neuromuscular or musculoskeletal impairments. Our primary emphasis is on restoring and enhancing muscle coordination in persons who have had a stroke or have sustained a spinal cord injury (SCI), and on restoring and maintaining musculoskeletal function and integrity in persons with osteoporosis, arthritis or SCI.

  Our principal goal is to develop new clinical treatments and devices for neuromuscular and musculoskeletal rehabilitation. To accomplish this, we also perform basic research to better understand the way in which the nervous system coordinates the muscles during complex motor tasks, and the way in which bone grows, maintains itself, and regenerates itself. We continually interact with our clinical collaborators at the VA Palo Alto facility and at Stanford University Medical Center to ensure the clinical relevance of our research and to clinically test our treatments and devices.

  A common theme that runs through many of our projects is the use of mechanical manipulation to restore or maintain musculoskeletal function. By manipulating the limbs to provide appropriate sensory input, we can influence the way in which the nervous system reorganizes itself after injury. By controlling the mechanical loading on the skeletal bone, we can affect the way the bone heals and maintains its strength. We use mathematical and computer models to understand these complex systems in terms of fund amental physical and biological principles. For example, to study muscular coordination, we use models of the musculoskeletal system that relate limb movement to muscle activation patterns and external forces. To study bone growth, we use finite-element models that relate bone remodeling to the history of imposed stresses and strains. We use these models both to analyze the results of experiments and to investigate the effects of factors that cannot easily be experiment tally manipulated.

  The Center consists of six organizational sections. Core funding is provided from the Rehabilitation R&D Service of the VA to provide essential support for a nucleus of investigators, staff, and operations. Personnel, laboratories and machine shop are housed in a dedicated building. This environment fosters collaboration and daily interaction between all segments of Center personnel. The roles of each of the six sections are:

  Directorate: Establish the R&D areas to be emphasized and Center-wide policies; promote continuity and interaction among the projects; actively participate in research projects.

  NeuroMuscular Systems: Perform R&D to understand how the nervous system interacts with the musculoskeletal system to coordinate the execution of motor tasks; develop new rehabilitation methods and devices to diagnose, assess, and treat persons with movement disorders.

  MusculoSkeletal Systems: Perform R&D to understand how musculoskeletal function can be maintained or restored; evaluate current, and design new rehabilitation therapies and orthopaedic devices.

  Design/Development: Collaborate with NeuroMuscular and MusculoSkeletal investigators in the design, development, and technology transfer of rehabilitation devices.

  Technical Support: Specify, install, and maintain computers and networks; responsible for facility planning and implementation and coordination with VA acquisition and material management.

  Administrative Support: Coordinate internal system of Center operation, including budgetary planning and procurement; government, academic, private, and public sector liaison; preparation and dissemination of pertinent Rehab R&D Center information.

  All major research endeavors are supported by VA Headquarters in the form of peer-reviewed projects awarded to principal investigators. Investigators also attract funding from sources outside the VA for other projects, which complement and cross-fertilize those sponsored by the VA.

  The Rehab R&D Center is affiliated with the Stanford University Schools of Engineering (SOE) and Medicine (SOM). Particularly strong is the interaction between Rehab R&D Center investigators and the faculty associated with the Departments of Mechanical Engineering (SOE), and Functional Restoration (SOM). In fact, many Rehab R&D Center investigators have faculty appointments in these departments. The Rehab R&D Center has an especially strong relationship with the new Biomechanical Engineering Division of the Department of Mechanical Engineering. Graduate and undergraduate students are routinely involved in Rehab R&D Center research, design, and development projects.

Cleveland FES Center, VA Medical Center,
10701 East Blvd., Cleveland, OH 44106
P. Hunter Peckham, PhD, Director; E. Byron Marsolais, MD, PhD, Medical Director, Lower Extremity Programs; Michael W. Keith, MD, Medical Director, Upper Extremity Programs

  The VA Center of Excellence in FES is a project of the Cleveland FES Center, a functional electrical stimulation consortium including the Cleveland VA Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, MetroHealth Medical Center and Edison Biotechnology Center.

  The mission of the Center is to improve the quality of life of veterans with disabilities through the introduction of advanced technology employing FES, and to advance scientific knowledge in FES in order to generate new knowledge and promote additional development of clinical applications. Specific objectives are to: 1) transfer FES technology into clinical practice, 2) coordinate the development of new FES technology, and 3) perform advanced research in FES to further the knowledge base and clinical applicability of FES.

Technology Transfer. FDA approval is expected in 1997 for the implantable hand grasp neuroprosthesis developed at the FES Center and subsequently transfered to NeuroControl Corporation. The Center has been involved in training five VA Medical Centers (out of 10 sites total) in the clinical implementation and testing of the upper extremity system. This year the Center commences animal trials of an implantable system developed by NASA and Life Systems, Inc.

Technology Development. The core Technology Development Laboratory offers software and hardware design facilities for prototype development of implantable FES systems. This year major equipment was updated and a new operating structure implemented to maximize engineering efforts across all Center projects.

Advanced Research. VA research projects in progress include a new 10-channel implantable stimulator/telemeter and an implantable joint angle sensor that are now undergoing clinical testing; techniques to provide enhanced upper extremity function through hand intrinsic muscle stimulation, elbow movement and closed loop control; and restructured standing and mobility projects focused on clinical outcomes in preparation for transfer to industry. These research activities are occurring in conjunction with existing Cleveland VA Merit Review projects. Other research projects in progress are primarily supported by the National Institutes of Health, the Food and Drug Administration, and the Whitaker Foundation. Eight post-doctoral (seven MD) and ten doctoral researchers participated in advanced research projects at the Center.

Coordination and Dissemination of Research Activities. Weekly meetings of the 15 Center principal investigators facilitate resource sharing. The FES Council, which provides institutional representation to the FES Center, meets bi-monothly on project planning issues. The Scientific Advisory Board of the Center met this year for the first time, providing technical feedback on research direction. To serve rehabilitation professionals interested in FES, the Center coordinated a single topic issue on FES of the VA Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development. In addition, the FES Center hosted the First Annual Meeting of the International FES Society. The FES Information Center disseminates information about FES to individuals with disabilities and the lay public, publishing the FES Update newsletter with a distribution over 7,000, and this year the FES Resource Guide for Persons with Spinal Cord Injury and Multiple Sclerosis.

Rehabilitation Services Research and Development Unit, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
508 Fulton Street, Durham, NC 27705
Byron B. Hamilton, MD, PhD, Director

  Established by the Rehabilitation Research and Development Service in 1994, the Rehabilitation Services Research and Development Unit (RSRDU) is located at the Durham VA Medical Center in Durham, NC, with access to all the Center's vital resources, including Health Services Research and Development, National Performance Data Research Center, and National Center for Health Promotion. The mission of RSRDU is to promote VA-wide research that enhances the effectiveness and efficiency of rehabilitation care and functional outcome for veterans with disabilities. All VA medical centers provide rehabilitation services, and 72 centers support a physical medicine and rehabilitation bed service (PM&RS).

  One of the important objectives of the RSRDU is to build and maintain capacity for rehabilitation services research by identifying and networking resource people from across the VA system, prioritizing research activities, and facilitating rehabilitation services research in the medical centers. The Unit provides technical assistance to researchers, clinicians, and administrators with interest in rehabilitation services research (RSR), including access to the ongoing RSR computer data base of 23,000 patients discharged from PM&RS bed units and RSR Information Service with over 9,000 literature citations available on computer disk or hard copy bibliographies from: (919)286-2050.

  The following VA Medical Centers have reported projects sponsored fully or in part by the Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation Research and Development Service. (Note: VA Centers are listed alphabetically by state.)

Birmingham VA Medical Center 700 South 19th St. Birmingham, AL 35233
	Number
Visual Correlates of Mobility in the Visually Impaired	286
John L. McClellan Memorial Veterans Hospital 4300 West Seventh St., Little Rock, AR 72205-5484
	Number
Performance-Based Prevention/Rehabilitation of Falls in Elderly Veterans	112
West Los Angeles VA Medical Center Brentwood Division Wilshire and Sawtelle Blvd. West Los Angeles, CA 90073
	Number
Computerized Adaptive Methods for Selecting Hearing Aids	268
FES on Spinal Cord Injured Patients: Effects on Muscle Blood Flow and Metabolism	306
Functional Electrical Stimulation of Spinal Cord Injured Patients	307
Los Angeles VA Outpatient Clinic 351 East Temple St., Los Angeles, CA 90012-3328
	Number
Interactive Video System to Test and Treat Nonliteral Language Disorders	279
Long Beach VA Medical Center 5901 E. Seventh St. Long Beach, CA 90822
	Number
Prosthetic Foot Design for the Dysvascular Below-Knee Amputee	21
Effect of the Bankart Lesion on Anterior Joint Stability with Simulated Glenohumeral Muscle Forces	25
Biomechanics of the Patellofemoral Joint and Peripatellar Retinaculum	26
Gait Mechanics of the Partial Foot Amputee	41
Computer-Assisted Speech Rehabilitation System	280
Optokinetic Testing for Diagnosis and Rehabilitation of Balance Disorders	346
Evaluation of Word-Recognition Performance with Sentence Materials	347
Palo Alto VA Medical Center 3801 Miranda Ave. Palo Alto, CA 94304
	Number
Upper Body Motion Analysis for Amelioration of Falls in the Elderly	113
Clinical Trial of Artificial Peripheral Nerve Graft	308
Functional Restoration of Grasp in Quadriplegia	309
High-Frequency Magnetic Stimulation of the Bladder and Bowel	310
Comparison of Semi-Synthetic and Antologous Connective Tissue Grafts: A Pilot Study	340
San Diego VA Medical Center 3350 La Jolla Village Dr. San Diego, CA 92161
	Number
Management of Musculoskeletal Complications of Spinal Cord Injury	311
San Francisco VA Medical Center 4150 Clement St. San Francisco, CA 94121
	Number
Strength of Human Cortical Bone with Simulated Metastatic Lesions	225
Hip Fracture Risk Assessment Using Automated 3-D Finite Element Modeling	226
Denver VA Medical Center 1055 Clemont St. Denver, CO 80220
	Number
Improved Bone Cement Fatigue Resistance Via Controlled Strength Interfaces	227
Role of Imagery in Auditory Comprehension in Brain-Damaged Adults	269
West Haven VA Medical Center 950 Campbell Ave. West Haven, CT 06516
	Number
Controlled Study of the Effects of EMG Feedback and Electrical Stimulation on Motor Recovery in Acute Stroke Patients	135
Bay Pines VA Medical Center 10000 Bay Pines Blvd. Bay Pines, FL 33504
	Number
Age Variance in Nystagmus Suppression: A Pilot Study	287
Gainesville VA Medical Center 1601 S.W. Archer Rd. Gainesville, FL 32608-1197
	Number
Vertebral Fusion by New Osteogenic Agents to Accelerate Rehabilitation	312
Miami VA Medical Center 1201 Northwest 16th St. Miami, FL 33125
	Number
Using Self-Monitoring to Improve Communicative Efficiency in Aphasia	281
Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Bone Loss	313
Atlanta VA Medical Center 1670 Clairmont Rd. Decatur, GA 30033
	Number
Effect of Hydrostatic Pressure on Intervertebral Disc Metabolism	27
Exercise Program Designs for Older Adults	114
Age-Related Changes in the Triceps Surae Stretch Reflex and Postural Control	115
Development of a Database of Cane Techniques	288
Study of Illumination Sources for Low Vision Individuals	289
Measuring Low Vision Reading Assessments Using a Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscope	290
Design and Evaluation of Liquid Crystal (LC) Dark-Adapting Eyeglasses for Persons with Low Vision	291
Employment of IBM Speech Recognition in User-Based Remote Control	296
VA Medical Center Highway 6 West Iowa City, IA 52240
	Number
Changes in Auditory Abilities with Hearing Aid Use	270
Chicago VA Medical Center (Lakeside) 333 E. Huron St. Chicago, IL 60611
	Number
Additive Fabrication Technique for the CAM of Prosthetic Sockets	1
Direct Muscle Attachment: Multifunctional Control of Hands and Arms	3
Practical Applications of New CAD and CAE Techniques to Socket Design	22
Chicago VA Medical Center (West Side) 820 S. Damen Ave. Chicago, IL 60612
	Number
Evaluation of Central and Peripheral Vision Enhancement Devices for Driving	348
Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital 5th Ave. and Roosevelt Rd. Hines, IL 60141
	Number
Effect of Surgical Procedures on the Stability of the Lumbar Motion Segment	28
Rehabilitation of the Colon after Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study	77
Fecal Incontinence Treatment in SCI Patients: A Pilot Study	78
High Charge Density, Bipolar Electrodes for Chronic FNS	79
Rehabilitation of Respiratory Paralysis: Accessory Muscle Stimulation	81
Rehabilitation of Urinary Incontinence Using Stimulated Muscle Flaps	80
Noninvasive Recordings of Bladder Pressure in Elderly Males	116
Compliance Monitor to Measure Patient Wearing-Time for Spinal Orthoses	253
Cortical Sensorimotor Reorganization in Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study	297
Effect of Supported Standing and Upper Body Exercise on Lower Extremity Spasticity in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury	298
Prophylactic Monitoring of Bladder Pressure and Volume	314
Electric Fields and Carbon Fibers in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: Gait Analysis	325
Enhanced Carbon Filament Prostheses as Substrates for Regrowth of Injured Spinal Cord: Electrophysiological Recovery	326
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Rehabilitation after Neuronal Injury: A Pilot Study	327
Wheelchair Exercise and Digital Echocardiography for the Detection of Heart Disease	349
Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center 1481 W. 10th St. Indianapolis, IN 46202
	Number
Is There an "Acclimatization Effect" with Hearing Aids?	271
New Orleans VA Medical Center 1601 Perdido St. New Orleans, LA 70146
	Number
Transport of NGFs±MIF-1 into Spinal Cord	328
Boston VA Medical Center 150 S. Huntington Ave. Boston, MA 02130
	Number
Firing Patterns of Upper and Lower Motoneurons and Their Translation Factor	208
Electrotwitch: A Dynamic Concept in Force Generation by the Motor Unit	209
Brockton/West Roxbury VA Medical Center 940 Belmont St. Brockton, MA 02401
	Number
Implant to Facilitate Articular Cartilage Regeneration	228
Baltimore VA Medical Center 10 N. Greene St. Baltimore, MD 21201
	Number
Wheelchair Propulsion Performance in Young, Middle-Aged, and Elderly	56
Low Vision Enhancement System (LVES)	292
Ann Arbor VA Medical Center 2215 Fuller Rd. Ann Arbor, MI 48105
	Number
Effect of Chair Design on Chair Rise Performance in Disabled Older Adults	117
Allen Park VA Medical Center Southfield & Outer Drive Allen Park, MI 48101
	Number
Immunological Responses to Implant Biomaterials following Arthroplasty	229
Minneapolis VA Medical Center One Veterans Drive Minneapolis, MN 55417
	Number
Connected Speech Deviations of Aphasic and Non-Brain-Damaged Adults	282
Kansas City VA Medical Center 4801 Linwood Blvd. Kansas City, MO 64128
	Number
Characterizing Measures of Stroke Rehabilitation Outcomes	63
Development of Scanning Laser Opthalmoscope for Low Vision Rehabilitation	293
Durham VA Medical Center 508 Fulton St. Durham, NC 27705
	Number
Study of VA Stroke Rehabilitation Services and Patient Outcomes	64
Omaha VA Medical Center 4101 Woolworth Ave. Omaha, NE 68105
	Number
New Methods to Treat Impaired Fracture Healing Using Growth Factors	344
East Orange VA Medical Center 385 Tremont Ave. East Orange, NJ 07018
	Number
Effect of Lack of Amplification on Persons with Unilateral Hearing Loss	272
Effect of Presence versus Absence of Prolonged Amplification on Audition	273
Cause for Male Infertility after Spinal Cord Injury and its Prevention	299
Acute Effects of SCI on Sperm Function	316
Albuquerque VA Medical Center 2100 Ridgecrest Dr., SE Albuquerque, NM 87108
	Number
Assessing Limb Apraxia and Its Relationship to Functional Skills	65
Evaluation of Nonauditory Factors Which Affect Hearing Aid Use in Elderly Veterans	274
Neuromuscular Research Center 44 Cummington St., 5th floor Boston, MA 02215
	Number
Quantitative Posturography: A Pinned Polymer Model of Posture Control	43
Quantitative Posturography: Open-Loop and Closed-Loop Postural Control Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease--Increased Mediolateral Activity during Quiet Standing	42
Quantitative Posturography: A Quantitative Analysis of Statics and Dynamic Posture Control	44
Characterizing Postural Stability in Relation to Age and Susceptibility to Falling	45
Effects of Aging on Motor Unit Firing Behavior: Hand Dominance Effects	210
Effects of Aging on Motor Unit Firing Behavior	211
Effects of Aging on Motor Unit Firing Behavior: Rank-Ordered Regulation of Motor Units	212
Development of a Clinical Database for the Back Analysis System	242
Back Exercise Prescription and Implementation by Surface Electromyographic Procedures	243
Brooklyn VA Medical Center 800 Poly Pl. Brooklyn, NY 11209
	Number
Orthotics Design with Advanced Materials and Methods	254
Castle Point VA Medical Center Castle Point, NY 12511
	Number
Lumbar Sympathectomy in the Prevention of Major Amputation of the Extremity: A Pilot Study	223
Prevention and Treatment of Spinal Cord Ischemia and Paraplegia in Thoracoabominal Aneurysm Repair	317
New York VA Medical Center 423 E. 23rd St. New York, NY 10010
	Number
DOD Software and Equipment Development for Improved Computer-Aided Prosthetic Socket Design	2
Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided Manufacturing of Orthopedic Footwear	255
Developmental Enhancement and Application of the VA-Cyberware Prosthetics-Orthotics Optical Laser Digitizer	350
Cleveland VA Medical Center 10701 East Blvd. Cleveland, OH 44106
	Number
Neuroprosthetic Control of Bladder and Bowel in Spinal Cord Injury Patients	82
Functional Neuromuscular Systems for Upper Extremity Control	94
FES Mobility in Paraplegia: RF-Controlled Implanted System	104
Development of an On-Line Correction Capability for FNS Locomotion	105
Restoration of Standing Pivot Transfer for Quadriplegic Patients Using a Totally Implanted FNS System	106
Restoration of Gait for the Stroke Patient	107
Dayton VA Medical Center 4100 West 3rd St. Dayton, OH 45428
	Number
Evaluation and Optimization of FES Techniques for Exercise	83
3-D Forces and Moments During FES-Induced Leg Cycle Ergometry: A Pilot Study	108
Muscle Strength and Functional Performance in Parkingson's Disease: A Pilot Study	188
Exercise Testing and Training of Multiple Sclerosis Patients	213
Design and Clinical Application of a Wireless TENS in Pain Management	351
Portland VA Medical Center 3710 Southwest U.S. Veterans Hospital Rd. Portland, OR 97207
	Number
Development of an Adaptive Toileting System for Young Children	146
Early Detection of Hearing Loss from Ototoxic Agents by High-Frequency Auditory Evaluation	276
Aphasic Naming Deficits: Effects of Deep- and Surface-Level Treatments	283
Pittsburgh VA Medical Center (Highland Dr.) Highland Drive Pittsburgh, PA 15206-1297
	Number
Minimizing Falls in the Elderly	256
Analysis and Treatment of Apraxic Sound Errors	284
Manual Wheelchair User Upper Extremity Pain	300
Computer-Aided Wheelchair Prescription System (CAWPS)	330
Design Guidelines for Wheelchair Ride Comfort and Fatigue Life	331
Pittsburgh VA Medical Center (University Dr.) University Drive C Pittsburgh, PA 15240
	Number
N-Acetylaspartate: A Predictor of Outcome in Neurorehabilitation	129
Biochemical Analysis of Synovial Activation in Joint Dysfunction	230
Effect of Component Placement on the Patellofemoral Joint with Joint Knee Arthroplasty	238
Ralph A. Johnson VA Medical Center 109 Bee St. Charleston, SC 29403-5799
	Number
Fatigue Strength of Composite Femoral Components for Hip Arthroplasty	235
Memphis VA Medical Center 1030 Jefferson Ave. Memphis, TN 38104
	Number
Measurement and Prediction of Benefit from Amplification	277
Nashville VA Medical Center 1310 24th Ave., South Nashville, TN 37212-2637
	Number
Auditory Evoked Responses, Severity, and Prognosis in Aphasia: A Pilot Study	130
Houston VA Medical Center 2002 Holcombe Blvd. Houston, TX 77030-4298
	Number
Upper Limb Amputee Services: The VA Approach as a Model Service System	4
Recurrence of Bacteriuria and Progress to Symptomatic Urinary Tract Infection in Spinal Cord-Injured Patients	301
Audie L. Murphy Memorial Veterans Hospital 7400 Merton Minter Blvd. San Antonio, TX 78284
	Number
Long-Term Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Bone Grafts with Dental Implants	118
Hunter Holmes McGuire VA Medical Center 1201 Broad Rock Blvd. Richmond, VA 23249
	Number
An In-Vivo Model for Cartilage Regeneration	231
White River Junction VAM&ROC North Hartland Rd. White River Junction, VT 05009
	Number
Examination of Explanted, Uncemented Orthopaedic Prostheses	236
Seattle VA Medical Center 1660 South Columbian Way Seattle, WA 98108
	Number
Clinical and Laboratory Study of Amputation Surgery and Rehabilitation	16
Contact Charateristics of the Subtalar Joint After Lateral Column Lengthening Through the Anterior Calcaneus and the Calcaneocuboid Joint	29
Effect of Foot Position on Load Distribution Between the Talocalcaneal and Talonavicular Joints	30
Effect of Release of the Posterior Tibial Tendon on the Kinematics of the Hind Foot	31
Effects of Calcaneal Length and Fusion Position on the Kinematics of the Hindfoot with Lateral Column Lengthening and Calcaneocuboid Fusion for Symptomatic Flatfoot	32
Alterations in Talar Morphology Associated with Adult Acquired Flatfoot	33
Prospective Study of Risk Factors for Diabetic Foot Ulcer	224
William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital 2500 Overlook Terrace Madison, WI 53705
	Number
In Vivo Measurement of Vertebral Displacement after Lumbar Fusion	57
Effects of Age on Oropharyngeal Swallowing	222
Soft Tissue Attachment to Proximal Femoral Allografts for Hip Revision	237
Clement J. Zablocki VA Medical Center 5000 West National Ave. Milwaukee, WI 53295
	Number
Soft Tissue Behavior and Sensation of Lower Extremity Residual Limbs: A Pilot Study	23
Electric Fields and Carbon Fibers in the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury: Gait Analysis	325
Design of a New Bowel Care/Shower Chair for SCI Veterans	332
Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital (Core Funds) 5th Ave and Roosevelt Rd Hines, IL 60141
	Number
Thin-Film Peripheral Nerve Electrode	95
Genetically Engineered Neurotrophin Secreting Schwann Cells for the Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury	329
Part B: Non-VA Sponsoring Organizations
Australian Dept. of Human Services and Health Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
	Number
Computer Access Selector and Vocaselect	141
American Association of SCI Psychologists & Social Workers 75-20 Astoria Blvd. Jackson Heights, NY 11370-1178
	Number
Adjustment after Spinal Cord Injury: The 20-Year Minnesota Longitudinal Study	119
Prediction of Mortality after Spinal Cord Injury: A 20-Year Prospective Study	322
AO (Arbeitgemeinschaft fuer Osteosynthesefragen) Foundation Paoli, PA 19301
	Number
Impact Induced Post-Traumatic Arthritis Model	239
Boston University 705 Commonwealth Ave. Boston, MA 02215
	Number
Quantitative Posturography: Open-Loop and Closed-Loop Postural Control Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease--Increased Mediolateral Activity during Quiet Standing	42
Biochemical and Myoelectric Events During Fatigue	189
Effects of Muscle Fiber Size on EMG Parameters	190
Muscle Adaptation Following Limb Unloading and Its Influence on EMG Parameters	191
Development of Test Protocols to Assess the Behavior of Back Muscles	196
Effects of Aging on Motor Unit Firing Behavior: Hand Dominance Effects	210
Synchronization and Common Drive of Motor Units	214
Evaluation of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome	215
Development of a Closed Loop Control System for FES and Application to Knee Joint Movements in Paraplegics	109
Back Exercise Prescription and Implementation by Surface Electromyographic Procedures	243
Alterations in EMG Signal Characteristics Coinciding with Low Back Pain	245
Development of EMG Parameters Reflecting the Function of Lumbar Back Muscles	244
Muscle Performance in the Back Analysis System Compared to Lifting Tasks	246
Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH 44106
	Number
Percutaneous Neuromuscular Stimulation for Shoulder Subluxation in Hemiplegia	96
Claude D. Pepper Older American Independence Center Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH 44106
	Number
Percutaneous Neuromuscular Stimulation for Shoulder Subluxation in Hemiplegia	96
Effect of Chair Design on Chair Rise Performance in Disabled Older Adults	117
Centers for Disease Control 1600 Clifton Road, NE Atlanta, GA 30333; Web: http://www.cdc.gov
	Number
Secondary Conditions after Spinal Cord Injury: Relationship to Life Adjustment	304
Calhoun Fellowship of Drexel University Philadelphia, PA 19104
	Number
Quantitative Analysis of Shoulder Movements Used to Control a FES System in Adolescents with C4 Level Spinal Cord Injuries	102
Ciba-Geigy Jubileum Stiftung Basel, Switzerland
	Number
Effects of Intramuscular Aponeurotomy and Recovery on Pennate Skeletal Muscle	192
Chamber of Commerce Torino, Italy
	Number
Simulation of EMG Signals Electrically Evoked in the Human Biceps Muscle	202
Simulation of Evoked EMG Signals from in Vitro Preparations	203
Delft University of Technology Mekelweg 2, Delft, 2628 CD The Netherlands
	Number
Wilmer Cosmetic Prosthetic Prehensor for Children	5
Voluntary Closing Hand Prosthesis	13
Synthesis of a Simple Ballistic Walking Movement with Push-Off	46
Dentsplay, Inc. No address listed.
	Number
Long-Term Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Bone Grafts with Dental Implants	118
Drexel University (The Calhoun Fellowship Endowment) 34th and Ludlow Philadelphia, PA 19104
	Number
Determination of the Effect of Range of Motion Changes in an Articulated Ankle Foot Orthosis on Lower Extremity Muscle Demands	264
U.S. Department of Education Department of Special Education and Rehabilitation Washington, DC 20202
	Number
Special Projects and Demonstration: Applications of Technology to Enhance Quality of Life--A Community Model	148
Trans-Train: Transdisciplinary Training of Rehabilitation Personnel in Assistive Technology	149
Dutch Prevention Fund Amsterdam, The Netherlands
	Number
Performance Capacity and Physical Strain in Subjects with a Spinal Cord Injury	318
Easter Seal Research Institute of Ontario 250 Ferrand Drive Don Mills, ON M3C 3P2, Ontario Canada
	Number
Development of a System to Aid Orthopaedic Surgical Decision-Making in Children with Cerebral Palsy Through Prediction of Post-Surgical Gait Patterns	47
Health Behaviours in School-Aged Children with Physical Disabilities	352
EC Human Capital & Mobility Programme Brussels, Belgium
	Number
Advanced Information Retrieval	160
EC: Telematics Programme Brussels, Belgium
	Number
Sign PS: The Development of an Interactive Printing System for Sign Languages	161
EC Tide Programme Brussels, Belgium
	Number
Aladin: Advanced Language Device for Interaction	162
EIC Laboratories Norwood, MA 02062
	Number
High Charge Density, Bipolar Electrodes for Chronic FNS	79
Thin-Film Peripheral Nerve Electrode	95
Engineering and Physical Sciences Reseach Council Glaskow, UK
	Number
Development of a Biomechanical Model of the Interface between the Residual Limb and the Prosthesis for Transfemoral Amputees	18
Foundation for Sports Medicine Education and Research Rosemont, IL 60016
	Number
Preconditioning as a Technique to Minimize Tourniquet-Induced Muscle Injury	232
Harborview Medical Center Department of Orthopaedics 325 9th Ave., Box 359798 Seattle, WA 98104
	Number
Development and Validation of a Musculoskeletal Extremity Health Status Instrument: The Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment Instrument	73
Hebrew Rehabilitation Center for Aged 1200 Centre Street Boston, MA 02131
	Number
Quantitative Posturography: Open-Loop and Closed-Loop Postural Control Mechanisms in Parkinson's Disease--Increased Mediolateral Activity during Quiet Standing	42
Health Research Board Dublin, Ireland
	Number
Detection and Accumulation of Microdamage in Bone	34
Hospital for Sick Children Foundation 555 University Avenue, Toronto, M5G 1X8 Ontario, Canada
	Number
Home Automation and Workplace Integration	179
Development of a Multifunction Myoelectric Control System	10
Hugh Steeper Ltd. Queen Mary's University Hospital Roehampton Disability Centre Roehampton Lane London SW 15 5PL, England
	Number
Development of a Multifunction Myoelectric Control System	10
Hugh MacMillan Rehabilitation Centre 350 Rumsey Road, Toronto, M4G 1R8 Ontario, Canada
	Number
Remote Rehabilitation Services Network	142
Institute for Fundamental and Clinical Human Movement Sciences Faculty of Human Movement Sciences Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
	Number
Ergonomics of Manual Wheelchair Propulsion	333
Industry Canada 3701 Carling Avenue, Box 11490, Station H Ottawa, K2H 8S2 Ontario, Canada
	Number
Establishing of a Database for Identification of Augmentative Communication Aid Users and Facilitators Willing to Participate in Research	178
Italian Ministry for University and Scientific Research Lungotevere Thaon di Revel 76 Rome, 00100, Italy
	Number
Development of a Closed Loop Control System for FES and Application to Knee Joint Movements in Paraplegics	109
Multifactorial Analysis of Seat Cushion for Wheelchair Users	335
Keio Medical School Tokyo 160 Japan
	Number
Effects of Aging on Motor Unit Firing Behavior: Rank-Ordered Regulation of Motor Units	212
Leverhulme Trust Tenovus, Scotland
	Number
Further Development of Talksbac: A Computer-Based Communication System	163
Liberty Mutual Insurance Company 71 Frankland Road Hopkinton, MA 01748
	Number
Biomechanical Evaluation of the Effects of Load Carrying on "Dynamic" Balance Control	58
Model for the "Dynamic" Postural Control System	59
Biochemical and Myoelectric Events During Fatigue	189
Control of Muscle Fibers: How Does a Muscle Regulate Force?	194
Motor Unit Control Properties During Sustained Constant-Force Isometric Contractions	193
Synchronous Behavior of Motor Unit Firings	195
Development of Test Protocols to Assess the Behavior of Back Muscles	196
Low-Level Muscle Activity as a Risk Factor in the Development of Cumulative Trauma Disorders	204
Effects of Aging on Motor Unit Firing Behavior: Hand Dominance Effects	210
Effects of Aging on Motor Unit Firing Behavior: Rank-Ordered Regulation of Motor Units	212
Evaluation of Low Back Pain Treatment Outcome	247
Normative Database for Low Back Pain Evaluation in Blue Collar Workers	248
Predictability of the Susceptibility to Low Back Pain	249
Loyola Medical Center Department of Medicine Maywood, IL 60153
	Number
Rehabilitation of Urinary Incontinence Using Stimulated Muscle Flaps	80
Louisiana Board of Regents 150 Riverside Drive, Suite 129 Baton Rouge, LA 70801-1389
	Number
FES Powered RGO: A Practical Walking System for Paraplegics	110
Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation 200 First Street SW Rochester, MN 55905
	Number
Valgus-Varus Motion of the Knee in Stair Climbing and Level Walking	35
Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Effects Upon Maximal Isometric Strength and Endurance	131
Influences of Cane Length on the Stability of Stroke Patients	139
Activation of Neck Muscles During a Force Control Task	197
Medical Technologies, Inc. Grand Prairie, TX 75050
	Number
Evaluation of the Bledsoe Pro-Shifter Brace for ACL-Deficient Patients	257
Ministry of Health of Ontario 7 Overlea Blvd. 6th Floor, Toronto, K1H 8M2 Ontario, Canada
	Number
Home Automation and Workplace Integration	179
Minnesota Medical Foundation 420 Delaware St. SE Minneapolis, MN 55455
	Number
Adjustment after Spinal Cord Injury: The 20-Year Minnesota Longitudinal Study	119
Prediction of Mortality after Spinal Cord Injury: A 20-Year Prospective Study	322
Mississippi State University Rehabilitation Research P.O. Drawer 6189 Mississippi State, MS 39762
	Number
Identification of Skills and Knowledge Necessary for People with Visual Impairments Beginning Jobs after Graduating from Postsecondary Institutions	294
Moss Rehabilitation Hospital 12th St. & Tabor Road Philadelphia, PA 19141
	Number
Effect of an Induced Leg Length Discrepancy on Gait Biomechanics	48
Multiple Sclerosis Association of America Oaklyn, NJ 08107
	Number
Effect of Microclimate Cooling on Physical Function in Multiple Sclerosis (MS)	216
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada 350 Albert Street, Ottawa Ontario K1A 1H5, Canada
	Number
Home Automation and Workplace Integration	179
National Institute on Aging 9000 Rockville Pike Bethesda, MD 20892
	Number
Percutaneous Neuromuscular Stimulation for Shoulder Subluxation in Hemiplegia	96
Effect of Chair Design on Chair Rise Performance in Disabled Older Adults	117
National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research U.S. Department of Education 600 Independence Ave., MES 3060 Washington, DC 22202-2572
	Number
Lighter Weight Electric Prehensor	6
Clinical Collaboration to Improve Higher-Level Upper-Limb Prosthetic Fittings	7
Improving Prosthetic Prehension	8
Body-Powered Toddler Hand	9
Electric Humeral Rotator	11
Mechanical Humeral Rotator Locking Mechanism	12
Investigation of 4-Bar Linkage Knees as an Aid to Floor Clearance during Prosthetic Swing	19
Development of a Direct Ultrasound Ranging System for the Quantification of Ambulation	49
Use of Joint Torque, Energy, and Power in Clinical Gait Evaluation	50
Refinement, Evaluation, and Dissemination of a Diagnostic and Treatment Assessment Expert System for the Interpretation of Walking Disorders Leading to Disability	51
Development of a Gait Interpretation, Instruction, and Report Generation System	52
Relation of Rehabilitation Intervention to Functional Outcome	66
Assessment of Ambulation Motion Parameters for Clinical Evaluation	67
Development of Clinical Protocols Based on Ergonomics Evaluation in Response to American Disability Act (1990)	68
Improving Vocational Outcomes of Individuals Who Have Sustained a Stroke	69
Predictive Value of Cognitive/Behavioral Measures in Patients after Stroke in Assessing Functional Outcome	70
Measuring Functional Outcomes after Rehabilitation for Spinal Cord Injury: Assessing the Functional Independence Measure	71
Adjustment after Spinal Cord Injury: The 20-Year Minnesota Longitudinal Study	119
Changes in Physiologic and Health Status in Individuals Aging with Spinal Cord Injury	121
Natural Course of Aging in Spinal Cord Injury: Functional Issues	120
Policy Barriers to Accessing Technology Services for People Aging with SCI	122
Use of Technology Services to Maintain Employment Among People Aging with a Spinal Cord Injury	123
Assessment of Residential Care Facilities as an Alternative Community Service Model for Disabled Older Adults	124
Medical Compliance by Older Adults: The Impact of Treatment Expectations and Psychological Factors of Both Family and Patients	125
Utilization of In-Home Paid Assistance by Hispanic and Anglo Older Adults, and Model Development to Enhance Utilization	126
Use of Technology Services to Maintain Employment Among People Aging with a Spinal Cord Injury	123
Variations in Secondary Conditions, Risk Factors, and Health Care Needs for Four Groups of Persons Aging with Physical Disability	128
Effectiveness of a Telephone Support Group for Stroke Caregivers	133
Prevention of Thromboembolism in Stroke Rehabilitation Patients	132
Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Young Persons Post-Stroke	134
Controlled Study of the Effects of EMG Feedback and Electrical Stimulation on Motor Recovery in Acute Stroke Patients	135
Reducing Motor Disability in Hemiparetic Stroke by Manipulation of Sensory Input from the Paretic Upper Limb: A Quantitative Evaluation	136
Course of Recovery of Cognitive-Communicative Problems in Right Brain Damaged Individuals	137
Comorbidities and Complications in Stroke: Incidence, Risk Factors, and Effects on Outcomes	138
Assistive Control in Using Computer Devices for Those with Pathological Tremor	143
Consumer Innovation Laboratory of the Robotics RERC	144
Special Projects and Demonstration: Applications of Technology to Enhance Quality of Life--A Community Model	148
Trans-Train: Transdisciplinary Training of Rehabilitation Personnel in Assistive Technology	149
Assistive Robotics in a Vocational Setting	151
Body Powered Rehabilitation Robot	152
Rehabilitation Robotics Information Program	153
Improving the Functional Utility of Rehabilitation Robotics through Enhanced Sensory Feedback--The Virtual Headstick	154
Multi-Modal Control of a Rehabilitation Robot	155
Developing a Robotically Aided Science Education Laboratory for Students with Severe Physical Disabilities	156
Control and Signal Processing Strategies for Tremor Suppression	157
Human Factors Studies in Eye Movements Related to AAC Head Movement Studies	164
Single Switch Mouse Control Interface	165
Development of AAC Systems Based on Personal Computers	166
Evaluation of Human-Systems Interaction in AAC	167
Human Factors Studies in Eye Movements Related to AAC Head Movement Studies	164
Application of Natural Language Processing to AAC	169
Spatialization and Spatial Metaphor in AAC	170
Speech Synthesis Program	171
EEG Interface Program	172
Research in Interface Methodologies for AAC	173
Augmentative and Alternative Communication Technical Assistance and Outreach Program	174
Speech Processing Program	176
Relationships among Age at Onset, Adequacy of Personal Assistance, Negative Health Incidents, and Health Care Utilization for Persons with Physical Disabilities	182
Increasing the Capacity of Independent Living Centers to Serve Minority Populations	183
Accessibility of Primary Care Physicians' Offices for People with Disabilities: An Analysis of Compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act	184
Curriculum for Training Physicians in Reproductive Health Care for Women with Physical Disabilities	185
Vermont Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center for Low Back Pain	233
Influence of Knee Extensor Strength and Pain on Stride Characteristics in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis	240
Quantification and Interpretation of Back Motion as an Evaluative Tool in Low Back Disorders	250
Crutch Ambulation	258
Criteria for Interfacing and Control of a Powered Upper Extremity Orthosis	259
Development of Lower Extremity Orthotics for Children with Myelomeningocele	260
Orthotics for Myelomeningocele Patients, Teenage Versus Childhood	261
Mobile Arm Supports for Children	262
Longitudinal Analysis of Well-Being in Persons with Spinal Cord Injury and Their Caregivers	266
Noise Reduction for Hearing Aids	278
Identification of Skills and Knowledge Necessary for People with Visual Impairments Beginning Jobs after Graduating from Postsecondary Institutions	294
Natural History and Clinical Course of Urinary Tract Complications in Patients with Spinal Cord Dysfunction	302
Causes and Costs of Unplanned Rehospitalizations among Persons with Spinal Cord Injury	303
Immune Responses to Pneumococcal Vaccine in Spinal Cord Injury	319
Ultrasound for Urinary Tract Surveillance of Persons with Spinal Cord Injury	320
Obstetric/Gynecologic Complications in Women with Spinal Cord Injury	321
Prediction of Mortality after Spinal Cord Injury: A 20-Year Prospective Study	322
Determination of Environmental Accessibility and Wheelchair User Proficiency through Virtual Simulation	334
Measurement of Plantar Foot Soft Tissue Properties of Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy for Prediction of Plantar Foot Pressures and Assessment of Plantar Ulceration Risk	341
Resource Unit for Information and Education	353
National Institutes of Health 900 Rockville Place Bethesda, MD 20892; Web: http://www.nih.gov
	Number
Improving Prosthetic Prehension	8
Prosthetic Fitting Systems Research Project: Phase 2	17
Prosthetic Fitting Systems Research Project: Phase 1	24
Valgus-Varus Motion of the Knee in Stair Climbing and Level Walking	35
Coordination of Movements with Multiple Degrees of Freedom	36
Mechanisms Underlying Compliant Behavior of the Limbs	37
Measuring Functional Outcomes after Rehabilitation for Spinal Cord Injury: Assessing the Functional Independence Measure	71
Assessment of Upper Limb Functional Capabilities after Cervical Spinal Cord Injury	72
Management of Urinary Disorders in SCI	84
Microstimulation of the Lumbosacral Spinal Cord: Mapping	85
Comparison of Discomfort Associated with Percutaneous and Surface Neuromuscular Stimulation	92
Percutaneous Neuromuscular Stimulation for Shoulder Subluxation in Hemiplegia	96
Closed-Loop Control of Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation: Methods of Providing Sensory Feedback	97
Restoration of Shoulder Movement in C5 Tetraplegia	98
Closed-Loop Control of Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation	99
Hand Neuroprosthesis in Chronic Hemiplegia	100
Efficacy of Neuromuscular Stimulation in Enhancing the Upper Extremity Motor and Functional Recovery of Acute Stroke Survivors	101
Influences of Cane Length on the Stability of Stroke Patients	139
Assistive Control in Using Computer Devices for Those with Pathological Tremor	143
Control and Signal Processing Strategies for Tremor Suppression	157
Automatic Mode Selection in a Shared Control System	158
Relationships among Age at Onset, Adequacy of Personal Assistance, Negative Health Incidents, and Health Care Utilization for Persons with Physical Disabilities	182
Increasing the Capacity of Independent Living Centers to Serve Minority Populations	183
Accessibility of Primary Care Physicians' Offices for People with Disabilities: An Analysis of Compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act	184
Curriculum for Training Physicians in Reproductive Health Care for Women with Physical Disabilities	185
Health Promotion for Women with Physical Disabilities	186
Central Nervous System Control Rules for Voluntary Movement	217
Sexuality Issues among Women with Physical Disabilities	267
Muscle Fiber Damage Due to Eccentric Contractions198 Muscle Fiber Damage Due to Eccentric Contractions	198
National Institute of Child Health & Human Development National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD 20892; Web: http://www.nih.gov
	Number
Prosthetic Fitting Systems Research Project: Phase 2	17
Prosthetic Fitting Systems Research Project: Phase 1	24
Assessment of Upper Limb Functional Capabilities after Cervical Spinal Cord Injury	72
Development and Validation of a Musculoskeletal Extremity Health Status Instrument: The Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment Instrument	73
Comparison of Discomfort Associated with Percutaneous and Surface Neuromuscular Stimulation	92
Restoration of Shoulder Movement in C5 Tetraplegia	98
Hand Neuroprosthesis in Chronic Hemiplegia	100
Efficacy of Neuromuscular Stimulation in Enhancing the Upper Extremity Motor and Functional Recovery of Acute Stroke Survivors	101
Paraplegic Walking Made Practical with FNS and Orthoses	111
National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD 20892; Web: http://www.nih.gov
	Number
Microstimulation of the Lumbosacral Spinal Cord: Mapping	85
Closed-Loop Control of Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation: Methods of Providing Sensory Feedback	97
Closed-Loop Control of Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation: Methods of Providing Sensory Feedback	97
Paraplegic Walking Made Practical with FNS and Orthoses	111
National Research Council of Canada Institute for Intelligent Systems, Ottawa, K1A OR8 Ontario Canada
	Number
Development of a Paediatric Above-Knee Endoskeletal Running Prosthesis	20
National Science Foundation Biomedical Engineering & Aiding Disabled, Room 565 4201 Wilson Blvd Arlington, VA 22330; Web: http://www.nsf.gov
	Number
Quantitative Posturography: A Pinned Polymer Model of Posture Control	43
Quantitative Posturography: A Quantitative Analysis of Statics and Dynamic Posture Control	44
Central Mechanisms for Momentum Generation During Gait Initiation and Their Degradation with Healthy Aging	53
Dynamic Model of Skeletal Muscles and Joints	86
EMG-Force Models in Muscles with Various Firing Rate and Recruitment Strategies	87
EMG Power Spectra Changes Due to Skill Acquisition	89
Use of EMG as Force Feedback in Closed-Loop Electrical Stimulation Systems	88
Control of Joint Motion with Synergistic Stimulation of Its Agonist/Antagonist Muscle	90
Assessing Individuals' Predispositions to the Use, Avoidance, or Abandonment of Assistive Technologies	145
Engaging, Recruiting, and Retaining Students with Disabilities in Science, Engineering, and Math	175
Ligamento-Muscular Protective Reflex in the Knee, Shoulder, Ankle, and Elbow	199
Surface and Wire EMG Crosstalk in Neighboring Muscles	200
Three-Dimensional Description of Muscle Properties	201
Theory of Spatiotemporal Chaos	218
Aperiodic Stochastic Resonance in Model Neurons	219
Stochastic Resonance Without Tuning	220
Using Chaos Control to Suppress a Pathological Nonchaotic Rhythm in a Cardiac Model	252
Using Noise and Chaos Control to Control Nonchaotic Systems	251
Tactile and Haptic Interface Project	295
Orderly Recruitment of Motor Units with Tripolar Nerve Cuff Electrodes	354
Mechanoreceptors in the Knee, Shoulder, Elbow, and Wrist Ligaments	355
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada 200 Kent St. Ottawa, K1A 1H5 Ontario Canada
	Number
Detection and Accumulation of Microdamage in Bone	34
Assessment of Variability in Human Walking	54
National Center for Medical and Rehabilitation Research No address listed.
	Number
Prosthetic Fitting Systems Research Project: Phase 2	17
Prosthetic Fitting Systems Research Project: Phase 1	24
Assessment of Upper Limb Functional Capabilities after Cervical Spinal Cord Injury	72
Management of Urinary Disorders in SCI	84
Restoration of Shoulder Movement in C5 Tetraplegia	98
Automatic Mode Selection in a Shared Control System	158
Sexuality Issues among Women with Physical Disabilities	267
Prediction of Mortality after Spinal Cord Injury: A 20-Year Prospective Study	322
Nemours Foundation, A.I. duPont Institute PO Box 269 Wilmington, DE 19899
	Number
Consumer Innovation Laboratory of the Robotics RERC	144
Assistive Robotics in a Vocational Setting	151
Body Powered Rehabilitation Robot	152
Rehabilitation Robotics Information Program	153
Improving the Functional Utility of Rehabilitation Robotics through Enhanced Sensory Feedback--The Virtual Headstick	154
Multi-Modal Control of a Rehabilitation Robot	155
Developing a Robotically Aided Science Education Laboratory for Students with Severe Physical Disabilities	156
Control and Signal Processing Strategies for Tremor Suppression	157
Study of Shoulder Function as an Input to an Assistive Robotic System	159
Human Factors Studies in Eye Movements Related to AAC Head Movement Studies	164
Single Switch Mouse Control Interface	165
Development of AAC Systems Based on Personal Computers	166
Evaluation of Human-Systems Interaction in AAC	167
Human Factors Studies in Eye Movements Related to AAC Head Mounted Unit	168
Application of Natural Language Processing to AAC	169
Spatialization and Spatial Metaphor in AAC	170
Speech Synthesis Program	171
EEG Interface Program	172
Research in Interface Methodologies for AAC	173
Augmentative and Alternative Communication Technical Assistance and Outreach Program	174
Engaging, Recruiting, and Retaining Students with Disabilities in Science, Engineering, and Math	175
Speech Processing Program	176
Criteria for Interfacing and Control of a Powered Upper Extremity Orthosis	259
Tactile and Haptic Interface Project	295
Measuring the Effects of Vestibular Stimulation on Children with Cerebral Palsy	323
Nobelpharma, USA, Inc. 777 Oakmont Lane, Suite 100 Westmont, IL 60559
	Number
Long-Term Evaluation of Maxillary Sinus Bone Grafts with Dental Implants	118
North Atlantic Treaty Organization Brussels, Belgium
	Number
Simulation of EMG Signals Electrically Evoked in the Human Biceps Muscle	202
Simulation of Evoked EMG Signals from in Vitro Preparations	203
Norwegian Research Council No address listed.
	Number
Low-Level Muscle Activity as a Risk Factor in the Development of Cumulative Trauma Disorders	204
Obafemi Awolowo University Iie-Ife, Nigeria
	Number
Measurement of Ground-Foot Reaction Force to Determine Gait Assymmetry Using a Computer Based Telemetry System	55
Ontario Ministry of Health Queen's Park, Toronto, M7A 1L3 Ontario, Canada
	Number
Development of a Paediatric Above-Knee Endoskeletal Running Prosthesis	20
Seated and Related Postural Devices for Elementary School Environments	60
Development of an Adaptive Toileting System for Young Children	146
Effectiveness of Using Voice Recognition Systems	177
Development of a Modular-Design Custom-Fit Ankle-Foot Orthosis	263
Development of Better Postural Belting and Other Anterior Postural Control Devices	336
Development of Custom Car Seats for School-Aged Children with Physical Disabilities	337
Development of a Multifunction Myoelectric Control System	10
Ontario Rehabilitation R&D Consortium Ottawa Ontario Canada
	Number
Development of a Paediatric Above-Knee Endoskeletal Running Prosthesis	20
Seated and Related Postural Devices for Elementary School Environments	60
Development of an Adaptive Toileting System for Young Children	146
Establishing of a Database for Identification of Augmentative Communication Aid Users and Facilitators Willing to Participate in Research	178
Home Automation and Workplace Integration	179
Development of Better Postural Belting and Other Anterior Postural Control Devices	336
Development of Custom Car Seats for School-Aged Children with Physical Disabilities	337
Development of a Modular Paediatric Seating System	338
Orthopaedic Trauma Association 6300 North River Road, Suite 727 Rosemont, IL 60559
	Number
Evaluation of Hip Stability Following Simulated Transverse Actebular Fractures	38
Paralyzed Veterans of America, Spinal Cord Injury Education and Training 801 18th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20006
	Number
Client-Centered Occupational Therapy for Individuals with Spinal Injury	74
Development and Dissemination of a Resource Guide on Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) for Persons with Spinal Cord Dysfunction	91
Paralyzed Veterans of America, Spinal Cord Research Foundation 801 18th Street, NW Washington, DC 20006
	Number
Development and Dissemination of a Resource Guide on Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) for Persons with Spinal Cord Dysfunction	91
Phoenix Foundation The Netherlands
	Number
Wilmer Cosmetic Prosthetic Prehensor for Children	5
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Education and Research Foundation Dallas, TX 75243
	Number
Efficacy of Neuromuscular Stimulation in Enhancing the Upper Extremity Motor and Functional Recovery of Acute Stroke Survivors	101
Post Polio Clinic of the Albert Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia 5501 Old York Road Philadelphia, PA 19141
	Number
Determination of the Effect of Range of Motion Changes in an Articulated Ankle Foot Orthosis on Lower Extremity Muscle Demands	264
Rehabilitation Research and Training Center on Aging Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center 7600 Consuelo St. Downey, CA 90242
	Number
Study of Policy Barriers Impeding Use of Assistive Technology by Persons Aging with Disabilities	187
Rehabilitation Research Training Center on FA and Evaluation of Rehabilitation SUNY at Buffalo Buffalo, NY 14222
	Number
Relation of Rehabilitation Intervention to Functional Outcome	66
Rehabilitation Medicine Scientist Development Program National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD 20892; Web: http://www.nih.gov
	Number
Comparison of Discomfort Associated with Percutaneous and Surface Neuromuscular Stimulation	92
Hand Neuroprosthesis in Chronic Hemiplegia	100
Efficacy of Neuromuscular Stimulation in Enhancing the Upper Extremity Motor and Functional Recovery of Acute Stroke Survivors	101
Rotary Club of Toronto Toronto Ontario, Canada
	Number
Development of Custom Car Seats for School-Aged Children with Physical Disabilities	337
Development of a Modular Paediatric Seating System	338
Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland St. Stephens Green Dublin 2 Ireland
	Number
Detection and Accumulation of Microdamage in Bone	34
Shriners Hospital for Crippled Children Chicago, IL 60635
	Number
Quantitative Analysis of Shoulder Movements Used to Control a FES System in Adolescents with C4 Level Spinal Cord Injuries	102
Shepherd Center, Inc. 2020 Peachtree Road, NW Atlanta, GA 30309
	Number
Secondary Conditions after Spinal Cord Injury: Relationship to Life Adjustment	304
Race, Gender, Age, and Adjustment after Spinal Cord Injury: The Southeastern Longitudinal Study	305
State Department of Social Affairs The Netherlands
	Number
Wilmer Cosmetic Prosthetic Prehensor for Children	5
Stichting Fonds Johannastichting P.O. Box 9044, Arnhem, 6800 GG The Netherlands
	Number
Stratified Norms for the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test	75
Disability-Oriented Epidemiological Study on the Long-Term Sequelae of Traumatic Brain Injury	140
St. Maartenskliniek, Deptartment of Research and Development P.O. Box 9011, Nijmegen, 6500 GM The Netherlands
	Number
Stratified Norms for the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test	75
Disability-Oriented Epidemiological Study on the Long-Term Sequelae of Traumatic Brain Injury	140
Tayside Health Board Dundee, DD5 1AG Scotland, UK
	Number
Further Development of Talksbac: A Computer-Based Communication System	163
Long-Term Follow-Up of the Results of Total Meniscectomy and Secondary Osteoarthrosis	241
University of New Brunswick Research Fund Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3 Canada
	Number
Myoelectric Data Compression Using ADPCM	205
University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104
	Number
Rapid Prototyping for Rehabilitation Aids for the Physically Disabled	147
University of Twente Biomedical Engineering Division P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
	Number
Isometric Length Force Characteristics of Pennate Muscle During and After Shortening: Experimental and Modelling Results	61
Skeletal Muscle Length Force Characteristics During Maximal and Submaximal Activation	206
University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195
	Number
Chemical Triggers of Reflex Defecation in Spinal Cord Injury: Comparisons of Effectiveness	324
Microprocessor-Based Wheelchair Pressure Relief Trainer and Monitor	343
Variety Ability Systems 3701 Danforth Avenue Scarborough, ON M1N 2G2 Canada
	Number
Development of a Paediatric Above-Knee Endoskeletal Running Prosthesis	20
Variety/The Children's Charity
	Number
Development of the OMNI Passive Wrist Unit	14
VASI 2-6 Prosthetic Hand Enhancements: Cosmetics and Function	15
Vrije Universitiet Faculty of Human Movement Sciences Van der Boechorststraat 9 Amsterdam, 1081 BT, The Netherlands
	Number
Isometric Length Force Characteristics of Pennate Muscle During and After Shortening: Experimental and Modelling Results	61
Skeletal Muscle Length Force Characteristics During Maximal and Submaximal Activation	206
Ergonomics of Manual Wheelchair Propulsion	333
Whitaker Foundation 1700 North Moore Street, Suite 2200 Rosslyn, VA 22209; Web: http://www.whitaker.org/
	Number
Development of a Multifunction Myoelectric Control System	10
Characterizing Postural Stability in Relation to Age and Susceptibility to Falling	45
Mechanical Effects of Muscle Tendon Transfer and Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation	103
Novel Mechatronic Device for Assessment of Balance Skills and Deficiencies	221
Workplace Health, Safety & Compensation Commission of New Brunswick St. John, NB E2L 3X9 Canada
	Number
Physiological Activity Recorder	76
No Sponsor Listed
	Number
Biomechanical Analysis of Nonreamed Tibial Intramedullary Nailing after Simulated Transverse Fracture and Fibulectomy	39
Quantitative Functional Anatomy of the Upper Limb	40
Evaluation of Dual Band Grafts for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction	62
Low Cost, Horse-Drawn Cart for Individuals with Disabilities	150
Hamlet--Simulating Emotion in Synthetic Speech	180
Direct Brain Interface Based on Detection of Event-Related Potentials	181
Comparison of Two Knee-Scoring Questionnaires Administered to a Normal Athletic Population	207
Pressure-Volume Characteristics of the Intact and Disrupted Pelvic Retroperitoneum	234
Experimental Testing of Open-Cell Foams to Determine Their Material Properties	339

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